Monitoring Methane Pollutant Concentration in the Industrial Provinces of Iran Through Satellite Observations

Kolaei, Fatemeh; SamKhaniani, Ali

doi:10.22034/jsst.2025.1564

Monitoring Methane Pollutant Concentration in the Industrial Provinces of Iran Through Satellite Observations

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

Fatemeh Kolaei ¹

Ali SamKhaniani ²

¹ Ms.c student, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

10.22034/jsst.2025.1564

Abstract

The analysis of methane emissions, which is the second most significant greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, is of considerable importance. In this research, we used data from the AIRS sensor on NASA’s Aqua satellite to examine the temporal variations of methane concentration across four selected industrial provinces from 2002 to 2024. Additionally, we utilized data from the TROPOMI instrument on the Sentinel-5P satellite to investigate the spatial distribution of methane concentrations during the period from 2019 to 2024. The outcomes of the monthly mean time series analysis indicated a consistent upward trend in methane levels. The lowest concentration was observed in September 2002, while the highest was recorded in September 2024. Among the provinces, Markazi exhibited the highest methane concentrations, with a monthly mean and standard deviation of 1868.86 ± 50.33 ppb at 500 hPa, whereas Khorasan Razavi showed the lowest values at 1858.19 ± 49.69 ppb. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test confirmed a statistically significant upward trend in all provinces, thus rejecting the null hypothesis. Furthermore, the linear growth rate analysis revealed the most rapid increase in Isfahan (7.12 ppb yr⁻¹) and the slowest in Markazi (6.39 ppb yr⁻¹). In conclusion, by concentrating on major industrial centers and integrating long-term temporal datasets with high spatial resolution observations, this study provides a valuable scientific foundation for designing effective methane reduction strategies and improving environmental management policies at the national level.

Keywords

Methane Pollutant

Trend

AIRS

Sentinel-5P

Spatial Pattern

Subjects

Remote sensing

Article Title Persian

پایش غلظت آلاینده متان در استان‌های صنعتی ایران بر اساس مشاهدات ماهواره‌ای

Authors Persian

فاطمه کلایی ¹

علی سام‌خانیانی ²

¹ 1- دانشجو کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل، بابل، ایران

² استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل، بابل ، ایران

Abstract Persian

مطالعه انتشار گاز متان، به‌عنوان دومین گاز گلخانه‌ای مهم پس از دی‌اکسیدکربن، اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از داده‌های سنجنده AIRS ماهواره آکوا، روند تغییرات زمانی غلظت متان در چهار استان صنعتی منتخب طی سال‌های 2002 تا 2024 و با بهره‌گیری از داده‌های ابزار TROPOMI ماهواره Sentinel-5P، تغییرات مکانی غلظت متان در دوره 2019 تا 2024 تحلیل شد. نتایج میانگین ماهانه سری‌های زمانی نشان داد که غلظت متان روندی افزایشی داشته است؛ کمترین مقدار در سپتامبر 2002 و بیشترین در سپتامبر 2024 ثبت شد. توزیع غلظت متان در استان مرکزی بالاتر از سایر استان‌ها بود و بیشترین میانگین ماهانه و انحراف معیار در این استانppb (33/50±86/1868) و کمترین آن در استان خراسان رضویppb (69/49±19/1858) در فشار 500 هکتوپاسکال برآورد شد. آزمون من–کندال روند افزایشی معناداری را در همه استان‌ها نشان داد و فرضیه صفر رد شد. نرخ رشد خطی نیز بیشترین افزایش را در استان اصفهان (ppb/yr 12/7) و کمترین را در استان مرکزی (ppb/yr 39/6) نشان داد. این تحقیق با تمرکز بر مراکز صنعتی و بهره‌گیری هم‌زمان از داده‌های بلندمدت و با وضوح مکانی بالا، می‌تواند مبنای علمی ارزشمندی برای تدوین سیاست‌های کاهش انتشار متان و بهبود مدیریت زیست‌محیطی کشور فراهم آورد.

Keywords Persian

آلاینده متان

نرخ تغییرات

AIRS

Sentinel-5P

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