Journal of Space Science and Technology

Journal of Space Science and Technology

Cadmium Bioremoval from Water by Probiotics in Simulated ‎Microgravity and Mars Gravity

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Author
Assistant Professor, Aerospace Research Institute, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Changes in Earth's gravity can significantly affect the behavior and performance of organisms, leading to the discovery of new practical methods for various applications. Heavy metal toxicity poses substantial risks to human health. Cadmium (Cd), one of the most hazardous heavy metals, causes defects in genome repair following oxidative stress and DNA damage, potentially leading to cancer. Several strategies have been introduced to remove heavy metals from water, including surface adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and nanotechnology treatments. Among these, bioremediation using probiotics has been identified as a cost-effective, safe, and efficient method for heavy metal removal. This study measured the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on cadmium bioremoval under simulated microgravity and Mars gravity conditions. For the bioremoval tests, 52.5 μg/L of cadmium was added to bacterial biomass and subjected to microgravity conditions. Similar samples were also placed under Mars's gravity. Control samples were maintained under identical conditions but with Earth's gravity. At the end of the treatment period, the tubes were centrifuged, and the remaining cadmium concentration in the supernatant was measured. The results showed that a 24-hour water treatment by L. acidophilus removed 43.77% of the cadmium concentration under Earth's gravity, 54.74% under microgravity, and 54.84% under Mars's gravity. Statistical analysis demonstrated that L. acidophilus effectively facilitated cadmium bioremoval, and this capability was sustained even under different gravitational conditions. Therefore, this bacterium can mitigate heavy metal pollution during space missions, safeguarding astronauts' health.
Keywords
Subjects

Article Title Persian

حذف زیستی کادمیوم از آب توسط پروبیوتیک ها در جاذبه مریخ و میکروگراویتی شبیه سازی شده

Author Persian

مریم صلواتی فر
استادیار، پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران
Abstract Persian

گرانش زمین یکی از نیروهایی است که به طور مداوم بر موجودات زنده تأثیر می‌گذارد. تغییرات آن می‌تواند بر رفتار و عملکرد موجودات موثر باشد. مطالعه چنین اثراتی می‌تواند منجر به کشف روش‌های کاربردی نوین شود. فلزات سنگین خطرات زیادی برای سلامت انسان دارند. آن‌ها به عنوان شبه عنصر عمل نموده و حتی ممکن است در فرآیندهای متابولیک اختلال ایجاد کنند. کادمیوم به عنوان یکی از خطرناک‌ترین فلزات، به دنبال القای استرس اکسیداتیو، باعث ایجاد نقص در ترمیم DNA، آسیب به DNA و گاهی منجر به سرطان می‌شود. روش‌های مختلفی برای حذف فلزات سنگین از آب آشامیدنی معرفی شده است. حذف زیستی توسط پروبیوتیک‌ها یکی از این روش‌های بی خطر می‌باشد. در این مطالعه اثر لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس بر حذف زیستی کادمیوم در شرایط میکروگراویتی و گرانش مریخ اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار 24 ساعته آب توسط لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس باعث حذف 77/43% از غلظت کادمیوم.در گرانش زمین، 74/54% تحت میکروگراویتی و 84/54% در گرانش مریخ شد. آنالیز آماری نشان داد لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس در حذف زیستی کادمیوم مؤثر بوده و حتی با تغییرات جاذبه نیز این قابلیت حفظ گردید. بنابراین می‌توان از این باکتری در رفع آلودگی فلزات سنگین در زمان ماموریت‌های فضایی به منظور حفظ سلامت فضانوردان بهره‌ جست.

Keywords Persian

کادمیوم
لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس
پروبیوتیک
میکروگراویتی
جاذبه مریخ
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  • Receive Date 04 July 2023
  • Revise Date 04 September 2023
  • Accept Date 25 September 2023
  • First Publish Date 06 January 2024