علوم و فناوری فضایی

علوم و فناوری فضایی

تاثیر کاهش فشار اتمسفری بر رشد و پاسخ دفاع آنتی اکسیدانی جلبک دونالیلا سالینا

نوع مقاله : مقالة‌ پژوهشی‌

نویسنده
دانشیار، پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران
چکیده
اکتشافات فضایی در مریخ از موضات علمی جذاب بوده و می تواند اطلاعات ارزشمندی را برای استقرار حیات در این سیاره فراهم نماید. برای ارسال انسان به مریخ در ماموریت‌های طولانی مدت نیاز به طراحی سیستم پشیبان حیات قابل بازیابی برای تامین غذا و اکسیژن است. فشار اتمسفری سطح مریخ بسیار کمتر از سطح زمین است و قابلیت رشد موجودات فتوسنتز کننده در فشار اتمسفری پائین برای استقرار سیستم پشتیبان حیات اهمیت بسزایی دارد. دونالیلا سالینا نوعی جلبک تک سلولی و غنی از متابولیت ارزشمند بتا-کاروتن است. این جلبک رشد سریعی داشته، مقاوم به تنش‌های محیطی بوده و می‌تواند به‌عنوان کاندیدی برای مطالعات فضایی باشد. در این مطالعه تاثیر فشار پائین اتمسفری (860، 340، 160 و 80 میلی‌بار) بر رشد، محتوای رنگیزهای کلروفیل و پاسخ آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی جلبک دونالیلا سالینا بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که رشد، تعداد ، تراکم سلولی و محتوای کلروفیل در فشار 340 و 160 میلی‌بار افزایش یافت، ولی در فشار اتمسفری 80 میلی‌بار منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار این پارامترها شد. محتوای پروتئین در فشار اتمسفری 340 میلی‌بار 1/32 درصد افزایش یافت، ولی در 80 میلی‌بار مقدار آن کاهش یافت. کاهش رشد در فشار اتمسفری 80 میلی‌بار منجر به تجمع بالای محتوای کاروتنوئید (4/13 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) و بتاکاروتن (4/9 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) شد. فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز با کاهش فشار اتمسفری افزایش یافت، درحالی‌که فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در فشار 80 میلی‌بار کاهش یافت. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که قابلیت رشد سلول‌های جلبک تحت تغییر فشار اتمسفری مرتبط با تغییر متابولیسم سلولی و افزایش ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

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  • تاریخ دریافت 28 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 12 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 02 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 12 تیر 1403