Journal of Space Science and Technology

Journal of Space Science and Technology

Optimal PID Controller Parameters Tuning for a 3D Satellite Simulator Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors
Aerospace University Complex, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Due to its effectiveness and practicality, the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller remains a cornerstone of industrial control systems. The precise tuning of controller parameters significantly impacts system dynamics, influencing key performance metrics such as rise time, settling time, overshoot, stability, and steady-state error. While conventional methods effectively tune PID parameters in linear systems, they are inadequate for nonlinear processes due to the complexity of dynamic equations. This study proposes applying the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for tuning PID controller parameters in a three-degree-of-freedom satellite attitude simulator. The simulator incorporates reaction wheel actuators for attitude control, providing a robust platform for implementing control algorithms and optimizing onboard computational processes. The PSO-based optimization algorithm was executed for various performance criterion functions, demonstrating advantages such as rapid convergence to optimal values and straightforward implementation in nonlinear control systems. PID parameters derived from the conventional Ziegler-Nichols method were also applied to the simulator to benchmark the nonlinear optimization performance. Experimental results comparing different PID parameter sets were analyzed based on time response characteristics during a predefined maneuver. The comparative analysis identified the optimal PID parameters, which were subsequently implemented for enhanced simulator performance.
Keywords

Subjects


Article Title Persian

تعیین ضرایب بهینه کنترلر PID شبیه‌ساز سه درجه آزادی ماهواره با استفاده از الگوریتم بهینه‌سازی انبوه ذرات

Authors Persian

مهران مهدی آبادی
حامد عارفخانی
امیرحسین توکلی
سید حسین ساداتی
دکتری، مجتمع دانشگاهی هوافضا، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران
Abstract Persian

کنترلر PID یکی از بنیادی‌ترین و کاربردی‌ترین ابزارهای کنترل صنعتی است. تنظیم ضرایب کنترلر به‌طور مستقیم بر عملکرد دینامیکی سیستم تأثیر می‌گذارد. تنظیم بهینه ضرایب کنترلر سبب بهینه‌سازی معیارهایی نظیر زمان صعود، زمان نشست، فراجهش، پایداری و کاهش خطای حالت دائم می‌شود. تنظیم ضرایب کنترلر PID برای سیستم‌های خطی با بهره‌گیری از روش‌های کلاسیک به سادگی قابل انجام است. اما در فرایندهای غیرخطی، معادلات دینامیکی سیستم پیچیده است. بنابراین بهره‌گیری از روش‌های کلاسیک برای بهینه‌سازی پارامترهای سیستم و دست‌یابی به مشخصه‌های مطلوب، امکان پذیر نیست. در این مقاله، روش‌ بهینه‌سازی انبوه ذرات برای تنظیم ضرایب کنترلر PID شبیه‌ساز ماهواره پیشنهاد شده است. شبیه‌ساز تعیین و کنترل وضعیت ماهواره دارای عملگرهای چرخ عکس‌العملی است. پلتفرم شبیه‌ساز تعیین و کنترل وضعیت، بستری مناسب برای پیاده‌سازی الگوریتم‌های کنترلی و بهینه‌سازی بر روی کامپیوتر نصب شده بر روی آن است. الگوریتم بهینه‌سازی پیشنهادی به ازای توابع معیار مختلف اجرا شده است. از مزایای الگوریتم پیشنهادی، همگرایی سریع به مقادیر بهینه و سهولت پیاده‌سازی برای سیستم شبیه‌ساز است. علاوه بر این، برای مقایسه نتایج بهینه‌سازی غیرخطی، ضرایب کنترلر به ازای روش متداول و کلاسیک نیز بدست آمده و بر روی پلتفرم شبیه‌ساز اعمال شده است. نتایج آزمایش‌های عملی حاصل از پیاده‌سازی ضرایب مختلف کنترلر PID بر روی شبیه‌ساز ماهواره با یکدیگر مقایسه شده است. مقایسه صورت گرفته بر اساس مشخصه‌های پاسخ زمانی حاصله از شبیه‌ساز و به ازای یک مانور مشخص صورت گرفته است. در نهایت بر اساس مقایسه صورت گرفته، ضرایب بهینه کنترلر PID برای شبیه‌ساز انتخاب شده و مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است.

Keywords Persian

کنترل وضعیت
شبیه‌ساز ماهواره
چرخ عکس‌العملی
کنترلر PID
الگوریتم بهینه‌سازی انبوه ذرات
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Volume 18, Issue 1
2025
Pages 53-65

  • Receive Date 23 September 2024
  • Revise Date 26 January 2025
  • Accept Date 16 February 2025
  • First Publish Date 01 March 2025